DSL Series

Series are arrays of values calculated across candles.

Built-In Candle Series

Series	Description
open	Candle open price
high	Candle high price
low	Candle low price
close	Candle close price
volume	Candle volume
bid	Live bid price, falls back to close on history
ask	Live ask price, falls back to close on history
time	Candle timestamp from history/live bar bucket. Falls back to bar index when missing.

Assigning Series

ma = ta.sma(close, 20)

History Access

Use [n] to access previous values.

previousClose = close[1]
previousMa = ma[1]

History offsets must be nonnegative safe integers. close[0] reads the current bar; close[barIndex] reads the first loaded bar. Negative, fractional and non-finite offsets are rejected; an offset before the loaded history yields a missing value. Future candles cannot be read.

Bar state and missing values

Value/function	Meaning
barIndex	Zero-based index in the loaded calculation history, not an exchange-wide ID
isClosed	All indicator candles except the last are closed. In a robot onBar snapshot, the last bar is also closed
na	Missing numeric value (NaN)
na(value)	Checks null, undefined or a non-finite number
nz(value, replacement)	Replaces a missing/non-finite value; the optional second positional argument defaults to 0

Unavailable feed volume is null; it is never substituted with a price. Use nz(volume) or explicitly disable volume weighting. The parser has no true/false literals; use 0/1 for flags. Named replacement=... is not accepted by nz.

script("Closed bars", kind="indicator")
previous = nz(close[1], close)
confirmed = isClosed ? previous : na
plot(confirmed)

Named scalar arrays

Arrays retain values across bars within a single replay and are rebuilt for every evaluation, including each robot event. They do not persist across live updates, restarts or reloads. They are not series and have no Pine array<T> type declaration.

Call	Result
array.size("zones")	Entry count; creates an empty named array if absent
array.get("zones", index)	Stored scalar; null for an absent entry at a valid index
array.set("zones", index, value)	Assigned value; index must already exist
array.push("zones", value)	New length
array.remove("zones", index)	Removed scalar; index must already exist

Arguments are positional. Names match [A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9_]{0,63}. Indices are integers 0..255. Values may be finite numbers, booleans, null/missing values (stored as null), or strings up to 256 UTF-16 units. Limits: 64 arrays, 256 entries per array and 4096 entries in total; invalid mutations stop evaluation. Calls may appear in expressions or statements, including loops.

script("Recent highs", kind="indicator")
if isClosed {
  array.push("highs", high)
  if array.size("highs") > 20 { array.remove("highs", 0) }
}
count = array.size("highs")
plot(count)